To learn more about the surgical procedures your doctor has prescribed for you just click the pictures below. 

Cardiac Catheterization 

Cardiac catheterization is a process that enables your doctor to examine the inside of your heart to diagnose a variety of potential heart problems. Your doctor may recommend this procedure if you are suffering from symptoms of coronary artery disease. Pictured at left is a normal coronary artery. The lumen is large, without any narrowing by atheromatous plaque. The muscular arterial wall is of normal proportion.

Permanent Pace Makers

An "artificial pacemaker" is a small, battery-operated device that helps the heart beat in a regular rhythm. Some are permanent (internal) and some are temporary (external). They can replace a defective natural pacemaker or blocked pathway.

Defibrillators

Implantable defibrillators are used to treat heart rhythms that are abnormally fast and life threatening. AICDs (automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillators) often are used to treat sudden cardiac death (SCD), and have been found to reduce the SCD mortality rate for these patients from as high as 55 percent to less than 2 percent as verified in more than 65,000 implants.